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MLI Data Standards Committee

Accepted Standards
Background 
Parcel Identification Numbers - PINs
Metadata Standards:
       The Value of Metadata
       Metadata Standard for Manitoba Conservation
       Manitoba Conservation Metadata example
       MLI Minimum acceptable Metadata Standard
       Metadata Keywords
Datum Standard
Standards - Work in progress
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Background

On June 04 1999, the Deputy Minister Committee of departments involved in land related information systems gave the mandate to the Manitoba Land Initiative (MLI) Committee to develop and recommend a structure for a government-wide framework for the management of land-related information. Office of Information Technology was delegated to lead and co-ordinate this initiative.

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Parcel Identification Numbers - PINs

January 6, 2000

The basic principle behind a PIN is that each polygon/parcel has a unique identifier that does not use other land references. It basically provides a pure identifier for each polygon; this PIN reference can then be used as the key to any other attribute information that need be attached to it. 

The standard for the PIN (Polygon Identifier/Parcel Identifier) was put forth in the M.L.R.I.S. Data Standards in 1990.

“The recommended standard for identification of ownership parcels and survey parcels in a 
Manitoba Land related Information System is a unique, computer generated, numeric identifier 
consisting of 8 or 9 digits including preferably a check digit. Ownership and survey parcel 
identification numbers shall be issued by the agency responsible for creating the parcel”

The Land Information Division has reviewed a number of options relating to the standard and has chosen to implement a 9 digit PIN with a 9th digit being a checksum. The 8 digit model will allow for the generation and maintenance of 100,000,000 (-1) PINs with a value greater than 0. 

    i.e. the 8 digit PIN for a value of 11 would be 000000112 (the checksum would be calculated as 0+0+0+0+0+0+1+1=2 (2), for a value of 00495268 the calculation would be: 
0+0+4+9+5+2+6+8 = 34 3+4 = 7(7) with a resulting PIN of 004952687.

The new PIN number is being implemented for the cadastral mapping products issued by the Land Information Division. The current roll out process is:

1. All new digital parcel-mapping products generated through the Land Information Division will be based on the new PIN. The Brandon property mapping data sets are currently being 
updated. These data sets will be the first ones issued with the new PINs. 

2. Other existing digital parcel datasets will be converted to the new PIN system at the time of 
their next maintenance or update cycle. The retired PIN will be retained as a historic record in 
the parcel attribute databases.


Application

The PIN has been associated with a graphic of a parcel polygon. A parcel polygon identified with a PIN need not have a graphic polygon with an identical PIN attached. The parcel/polygon PIN can have many attribute records attached using the PIN as the key. For example: Survey Polygon, Ownership, DLS description & information, Survey Plan, River/Parish lots, Assessment, etc.


Benefits

A number of different "standards" have been put in place by various agencies over the years for uniquely identifying polygons and/or land parcels. As an example, The Dominion Land Survey (DLS) coding: Meridian – Range – Township - Section is coded in every imaginable sequence, as separate fields, concatenated into one small to large field etc. Coding systems for Survey Plans, Parish lots etc. also share the same coding ambiguities. To add to this confusion and ambiguity, some systems attempt to generalize all/some of the above “standards” and “cram” them into a single field. Attached is an example of the previous LID "standard" field coding, titled 'Property identifiers for the Polygon creation process'. Clarity was not one of its attributes. One of the latest polygon identification standards is in the ¼ Section grid for Manitoba. The ID takes the form “M RRTTTSSQQ” e.g. “E 0400919NE” an example of this ID is attached (form showing duplicates in data set and a map showing the duplicate descriptions for Ritchot). The failure of this from of generalization is apparent. In a universal PIN application, the DLS attribute entry for a PIN is done once with enough fields to properly describe the parcel and need not be reproduced in a myriad of formats on different systems. The same would apply for Parish lots, Registered plans, Ownership etc.


PIN Allocation

Of primary concern is the issuing of new unique PINs. In order for a Universal PIN system to 
successfully operate, there can be no duplicate PIN numbers issued. Until a central electronic PIN allocation system is established, numbers can be allocated to various Departments and Agencies in controlled blocks. Some concern has been raised about implicitly building intelligence into the PIN by allocating large blocks of numbers to a particular agency. The current mapping products in the LID are given a block of sequential numbers due to software considerations; however, any subsequent revisions or updates will be allocated in small blocks of sequential numbers or single and not necessarily sequential numbers. A similar process can be put in place for other agencies. All allocations are recorded in a SQL Server table "IDAllocations”, fields include: Entity group (Registered Plan Polygon, Ownership Polygon, etc.), range of allocated numbers, name user, time and date stamp, project name, etc. 

It is proposed that the Land Information Division co-ordinate the allocation of the PINs. 

PIN Retirement or Deletion & Tracking

The distribution of updated Cadastral datasets will include lists of PINs that are added and deleted since the previous version of the dataset. This will allow users to select the polygon records in their databases which should be retired and will also allow them to identify which records will have be added along with their agency-specific attribute data. They will also be able to use these lists to identify the changed polygons in the graphics in order to perform the maintenance of their agency-specific graphical data. 

Problems Associated with Geocoding Ids

Geocoding systems depend on inserting coordinates of objects into their identifiers . This is problematic since coordinates are not static or permanent, and thus as the location of objects change, then the identifiers should change with them. An example of a geocode for a location with coordinate of UTM Northing = 5,557,614 and UTM Easting = 633,214 is:? since the mapping is localized, then we can strip off the higher level parts of the coordinates and 
specify the geocode to the nearest 10km as follows: Northing = 57614, Easting = 33214 and the geocode = 57614 + 33214 = 5761433214

The locations of objects may change in several ways, some of these are:

- readjustment of geodetic networks (the location of most land-based objects are determined   by reference to geodetic networks)
- change of geodetic datums (this occured in 1983) through better measurements of the surface of the 
earth
- corrections or updates to measurements of dimensions of objects

As the coordinates change, then the geocodes must change as well, which means that all of the database records that refer to the older geocodes must be changed too. 

Another problem with geocodes is that two separate objects cannot share the same location since their identifiers would thus be identical and the objects would not be separately identified.

Because of these problems the use of geocodes to identify objects is strongly discouraged.

General 

The PIN system as proposed, should deal with most or all parcels that are of a survey nature. Other Polygons of other agencies required for their own internal or business application can work in conjunction with this PIN system. It is of major land management concern that as many agencies using the same parcel of land describe it the same way. The current system seriously breaks down between agencies and not all agencies and users have or will have the graphic tools to unscramble the current situation through the use of graphics.

If there are any issues or concerns that you may have relating to the implementation of the PIN standard, please contact Al Dakin at 945-6652 or Bob Bruce at 945-6636.

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Metadata

Manitoba Conservation

  
The Value of Metadata (A NSDI report)

Two very similar paintings of circus performers by Picasso from 1904 are put on the auction block; one brings tens of millions of dollars, the other hundreds of thousands. What is the difference?

In one case, the ownership of the painting can be traced through sales slips and auction house records back to the estate of Picasso's dealer. The other painting appeared suddenly on the art market. It looks almost identical, but lacking documentation, how can one be sure it's authentic?

Just as a work of art can change hands many times, so can geospatial data. Once created, data can travel almost instantaneously through a network and be used for different kinds of spatial analysis. Thus transformed, these data can be retransmitted to another user. Change is the essence of geospatial data in a networked environment. The word metadata shares the same Greek root as the word metamorphosis. Meta means change and metadata, or "data about data," describe the origins of and track the changes to geospatial data.

Metadata can help the fisheries biologies, the graduate student in geography, or the wildlife manager find and use geospatial data, but metadata also benefits the primary creator of the data by maintaining the value of the data and assuring its continued use over a span of years.

  • What is metadata?

The concept of metadata is familiar to most people who deal with spatial issues. A map legend is pure metadata. The legend contains information about the publisher of the map, the publication data, the map's scale and its accuracy, among may other things. Metadata is simply that type of descriptive information that is applied to a digital geospatial file. They're a common set of terms and definitions to use when documenting geospatial data. Most digital geospatial files now have some associated metadata.

  • Why bother with metadata?

Metadata helps people who use geospatial data find the data they need and determine how best to use it. Metadata benefits the data producing organization as well. As personnel change in an organization, undocumented data may lose its value. Later workers may have little understanding of the contents and uses for a digital data base and may find they can't trust results generated from these data. Lack of knowledge about organizations' data can lead to duplication of effort.

It may seem burdensome to add the cost of generating metadata to the cost of data collection, but in the long run it's work it.

  • How can metadata be produced?

The information needed to create metadata is often readily available when the data is collected. A small amount of time invested at the beginning of a project may save money in the future. Data producers and users cannot afford to be without documented data. The initial expense of documenting data clearly outweighs the potential costs of duplicated or redundant data generation. Recently developed metadata standards provide a systematic way to collect metadata.

  • Why use standards?

When producing a map, the cartographer must organize all the descriptive information that goes into the map legend in a particular format. Titles are put in a specific place, tic marks are made a certain way, meters may be used instead of feet, and so forth. Metadata standards are simply a common set of terms and definitions that describe geospatial data.

  • What standards should be used?

The Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) recently adopted content standards for metadata. According to an Executive order signed by President Clinton on April 11, 1994, all Federal agencies will begin to use these standards to document newly created geospatial data as of January, 1995 after receiving the appropriate training. These standards provide a consistent approach and format for the description of data characteristics. The standards were developed over a two-year period, with extensive review by professionals at all levels of government. They provide a way for data users to know:

  • What data is available
  • Whether the data meets specific needs
  • Where to find the data
  • How to access the data

Because large amounts of Federal data will be available in these standards, data managers from State and local governments and private industry will have an incentive to adopt these standards to document their own data.

The FGDC is also sponsoring the creation of a National Geospatial Data Clearinghouse which will point users toward the best spatial data for a particular project. The intent is not to centralize all geographic data in one location, but to provide links through the Internet to distributed sites where data are produced or maintained. Managers who document data using the metadata standards will provide these metadata to the National Geospatial Data Clearinghouse so that users can easily find data. Easier access to data will mean that a company's customers or an agency's cooperators could be increased.

  • Why use metadata?

Twenty-five years ago, humans landed on the Moon. Data from that era is still being used today, and it is reasonable to assume that today's geospatial data could still be used in the year 2020 and beyond to study climate change, ecosystems, and other natural processes. Metadata standards will increase the value of such data by facilitating data sharing through time and space.

The value of Picasso's painting did not depend solely on his having signed the work, a signature that could easily have been forged. Information about the painting, where it came from and where it had been, increased its value. So, when a manager launches a new project, investing a small amount of time and resources at the beginning will pay dividends in the future. Metadata will help you protect the value of your organization's intellectual assets.

For more information

If you would like to obtain training or seek information about the FGDC metadata standards or the National Geospatial Data Clearinghouse contact:

FGDC Secretariat c/o U.S. Geological Survey 590 National Center Reston, Virginia 22092 Telephone: (703)648-5514 Facsimile: (703)648-5755 Internet: gdc@usgs.gov   Anonymous ftp://fgdc.er.usgs.gov  ftp://fgdc.er.usgs.gov/gdc/html/fgdc.html

 

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Metadata - Standard for Manitoba Conservation 


Guidance for minimal metadata documentation of spatial data files created by Manitoba Conservation staff or contractors

Items in red bold and italics like this are necessary to comply with the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) standard.

Items in bold like this are necessary if you are filling out the section they are in. For example section 2.5, lineage, is not mandatory for the FGDC, but is recommended by Manitoba Conservation GIS Section. If you chose to complete that section you need to complete all the items in this type (or fill in N/A or unknown) to comply with the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) standard and related software.

ITEMS IN CAPS AND BOLD ARE NOT REQUIRED, BUT ARE ITEMS MANITOBA CONSERVATION GIS STEERING COMMITTEE MEMBERS FEEL WOULD ADD A GREAT DEAL TO THE DOCUMENTATION. WE WOULD LIKE PEOPLE TO DOCUMENT THEM FOR FWS METADATA IF POSSIBLE.

There are a number of items in regular print, some with numbers in front of them. Generally these are headings, and are needed to run the data through a compiler to create files to serve on the Internet or be searchable by the FGDC search engine. If we can keep data consistent with the FGDC, sharing the information with other agencies, partners, etc will be much easier. Other items in regular print are sample data.

Any explanatory notes are in italics

General Notes on the Metadata Sections

  1. Identification Information
  2. Most of this section is Mandatory  to comply with the FGDC standard. It is basic identification information about the data set you have created. The data set may be one or multiple files; generally you will document one file at a time.

    In some of the sections (for example 1.3 - Time Period) you will need to chose the option appropriate for your data and delete (if you are using the template) or ignore (if you are using a program) the others. This one is simple - you created the data on one day, several days, or a range of days. If it's one file, it's probably one day. Multiple files (like 1:20000 topographic data) could be many dates or a range. Please note - in this sample all the selections have been left for you to view. In a real metadata file, only the applicable ones should be used.

  3. Data Quality Information

    This section (along with 3, 4, 5, and 6) is considered mandatory only if it applies to your data. The items in CAPS AND BOLD are those the service GIS coordinators feel are important. The items in this section in bold are those items that need to be filled in both to comply with the standard and to make the FGDC clearinghouse software work properly if the section in question is used.
  4. Basic notes on data quality are very useful. Most GIS staff have wrestled with data that did not document what the attribute codes stood for, or files that did not match at the edges. Any items you can complete here would be useful.

  5. Spatial Data Organization Information
  6. This section (along with 2, 4, 5, and 6) is considered mandatory only if it applies to your data. The items in CAPS AND BOLD are those the service GIS coordinators feel are important. The items in this section in bold are those items that need to be filled in both to comply with the standard and to make the FGDC clearinghouse software work properly if the section in question is used.

    This section can be very simple or very detailed. At a minimum we would like to know if the data is point, vector, raster, or some non-referenced data set! If you wish to go beyond that point, the type of file directs which other fields you need.

  7. Spatial Reference Information
  8. This section (along with 2, 3, 5, and 6) is considered mandatory only if it applies to your data. The items in CAPS AND BOLD are those the service GIS coordinators feel are important. The items in this section in bold are those items that need to be filled in both to comply with the standard and to make the FGDC clearinghouse software work properly if the section in question is used.

    Section 4 is guaranteed to give a majority of GIS users in Manitoba Conservation either heartburn or a headache the first time they read it. It goes into very technical detail, including many items geographers may understand but most biologists have never heard of. There are, however, some important basic items here that should be documented. This is another mandatory if applicable section, but certainly some of it SHOULD be applicable!

    Section 4 offers some choices depending on your data. You may have geographic data (lat/long - section 4.1), planar data (section 4.2 - includes UTM and state plane data), or local (table inches - some autocad type data). It will not be all of these at once. Your data entry is simplified, but the potential number of choices make the documentation look forbidding. In addition to the horizontal coordinates, some data needs the vertical coordinates. It may be river depth data, perhaps DEM or other topographic data - vertical coordinates are not listed here, but are in the base template if needed.

  9. Entity and Attribute Information
  10. This section (along with 2, 3, 4, and 6) is considered mandatory only if it applies to your data. The items in CAPS AND BOLD are those the service GIS coordinators feel are important. The items in this section in bold are those items that need to be filled in both to comply with the standard and to make the FGDC clearinghouse software work properly if the section in question is used.

    For this section an office would probably use either 5.1 or 5.2, depending on the amount of detail needed to describe the data, or the amount of detail available. If an office chose to give an overview description (5.2 ) of a vegetation layer, for example, they could also cite a reference such as the GAP or TNC vegetation classification standard to give the user further details about the data. If they chose to use 5.1, they could include all the details in the metadata. If the reference is widely available, doing an overview and referencing other documents is probably easier.

  11. Distribution Information
  12. This section (along with 2, 3, 4, and 5) is considered mandatory only if it applies to your data. The items in CAPS AND BOLD are those the service GIS coordinators feel are important. The items in this section in bold are those items that need to be filled in both to comply with the standard and to make the FGDC clearinghouse software work properly if the section in question is used.

    Basically, how can someone get the data from you? Is in "on-line"? Who do they contact? Your own circumstances will dictate what gets filled in here. If the distributor is the same as the contact person in Section 7, it could be left out here. Often, however, they will be different staff or offices. (Hint: if you want to enter the contact information here and sections 1 or 7, and the information is very similar, you can cut and paste in Windows. Just be sure to copy the headings and data for the section.)

  13. Metadata Reference Information

    Who documented the data, when and using what type of documentation? This can be important if the data was documented 10 years after it was created versus as it was created. The quality of the metadata will vary. Bold and italicized sections here are mandatory for the FGDC.

    The following pages contain an outline of the basic data elements, with short "cheat sheet" type notes and sample data. These should be used only as guidelines.

For additional information regarding this document, contact mailto:ldonnelly@gov.mb.ca

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MANITOBA CONSERVATION  -  EXAMPLE 

METADATA MINIMUM STANDARD

(FGDC COMPLIANT)

Recommended minimal metadata elements, short notations on entries for the elements, and sample data to illustrate the elements per Manitoba Conservation Metadata Guidance. Sample is based on one found on U.S. Fish & Wildlife Services website.

Red – Items in bold, italic and red are mandatory to comply with the FGDC standard

GREEN – ITEMS IN CAPS AND BOLD AND GREEN ARE MANDATORY IF APPLICABLE (ITEMS IN CAPS AND BOLD ARE NOT REQUIREED BUT ARE ITEMS THE METADATA WORKING GROUP FEEL WOULD ADD A GREAT DEAL TO THE DOCUMENTATION. WE WOULD LIKE PEOPLE TO DOCUMENT THEM)

Bronze – Items in bold and bronze are necessary if you are filling out the section they are in. For example section 2.5 lineage, is not mandatory for the FGDC but is recommended by the Metadata Committee. If you choose to complete that section you need to complete all the items in this type (or fill in N/A or unknown) to comply with the FGDC standard and related software

Example:

Data Set Name: Manitoba Conservation Regional / District Boundaries

1 Identification Information:

1.1 Citation: {who created this data set - numbering changes as this information can be used elsewhere in the documentation}

Possible selections Citation Information:
8.1 Originator:   Manitoba Conservation
8.2 Publication Date:   20020305
8.4 Title:   MB Conservation Regions and Districts

1.2 Description
1.2.1
Abstract:  {background information about the data set}

The Regional Boundaries file shows the areal extent of each of the six regions within Manitoba Conservation and the Districts that make up these Regions.

1.2.2 Purpose:  {Why did you want the data in the first place?}

The Regional Operations Division of Manitoba Conservation delivers integrated natural resource management and environmental protection programs from six regional centers across the province. Each region covers a specific geogaphic area and is administered from a regional office as follows: Northwestern - The Pas Northeastern - Thompson Interlake - Gimli Eastern - Lac du Bonnet Red River - Winnipeg Western - Brandon.

1.3 Time Period {time frame of data set - you need to choose one}

Possible selections Time Period Information
9.1 Single Date/Time
  9.1.1 Calendar Date:
  9.2  Multiple dates/Times
  9.2.1 Calendar Date: 20020305
  9.2.1 Calendar Date:
  9.3 Range of Dates/Times
  9.3.1 Beginning Date:
9.3.2 Ending Date:

1.3.1 Currentness Reference: {publication or creation date of sources such as aerial photography}  publication date

1.4 Status
1.4.1 Progress:  {is it done or not? In progress?}   Complete
1.4.2
Maintenance and Update Frequency: {How frequently, if at all?} As needed

1.5 Spatial Domain
1.51 Bounding Coordinates {latitude/longitude coverage limits; important data for Internet data sharing}

1.5.1.1 West Bounding Coordinate: -102.378157

1.5.1.2  East Bounding Coordinate: -88.170168

1.5.1.3  North Bounding Coordinate: 60.065892

1.5.1.4  South Bounding Coordinate: 48.701275

1.6 Keywords  {Keywords of any type are used for locating data when it is documented in a searchable database. The theme and place keywords will probably be the mostly commonly used for MB Conservation data. As with any use of keywords, thought should be given to assigning words the users may search on, or words you will remember in 5 years! Multiple keywords are allowed.}

1.6.1.1 Theme Keyword Thesaurus:  None

1.6.1.2  Theme Keywords:  administrative, region, regional, boundary, district, administration

1.6.2.1 PLACE KEYWORD THESAURUS: {Manitoba Toponymic Database

1.6.2.2 PLACE KEYWORDS: {province name would be very helpful: RM, city, township, refuge are other possibilities}

Manitoba, Red River, Interlake, Eastern, Northwest, Northeast, Western, Churchill, Lynn Lake, Leaf Rapids, Gillam, Thompson, Gods Lake Narrows, Cranberry Portage, Flin Flon, Wabowden, Snow Lake, Norway House, Island Lake, The Pas, Grand Rapids, Riverton, Mafeking, Winnipegosis, Lake Winnipeg East, Swan River North, Gypsumville, Hodgson, Swan River South, Grandview, Ashern, Dauphin, Bisset, Winnipeg Beach, Pine Falls, Lundar, Lac du Bonnet, Neepawa, Grand Beach, Virden, Birds Hill, Selkirk, Seven Sisters, Portage la Prairie, Beausejour, Rennie, Brandon, West Hawk, Hadashville, Carberry, Steinbach, Falcon Lake, Killarney, Manitou, Morris, Sprague, Turtle Mountain, Shoal Lake, Roblin

1.7 Access Constraints:  {Are there legal restrictions or prerequisites for access? An example might be the need to protect the exact location of archaeological sites.}  None

1.8 Use Constraints:  {Legal restrictions, limits due to data quality, etc}  None

1.9 Point of Contact (Section 10 - Contact Information) {who can you get it from- this information is available elsewhere (section 6 and 10) in the documentation; it can be entered here also if the contact is completely different}

1.10 BROWSE GRAPHIC {Some of the most useful documentation incorporates a picture of what the data looks like. That is what a browse graphic is - an illustration. Remember the old a picture is worth a thousand words?.... If you use this section, you need all three items below}

1.10.1 Browse graphic file name

1.10.2 Browse graphic file description

1.10.3 Browse graphic file type

1.13 NATIVE DATA SET ENVIRONMENT: {This section can also include information about the size of the dataset; Kb, MB, etc}

ArcInfo Coverage

2 Data Quality Information

{Just how good is the data anyhow?? - basic plain English description of attributes, the actual lines or topology, the geographic registration, and the original hard copy data that was automated. NOTE - the report is more descriptive, the assessment more specific or measurable. Your choice will depend on the type and quality of your data. It generally would not be necessary to do both}

2.1 Attribute Accuracy

2.1.1 ATTRIBUTE ACCURACY REPORT:

Attribute accuracy is tested by manual comparison of the source with hard copy printouts and/or symbolized display of the digital regional boundaries

2.2 Logical Consistency Report: {how well does everything line up? How was it checked? General description}

Polygons intersecting the neatline are closed along the border. Segments making up the outer and inner boundaries of a polygon tie end-to-end to completely enclose the area. Line segments are a set of sequentially numbered coordinate pairs. No duplicate features exist nor duplicate points in a data string. Intersecting lines are separated into individual line segments at the point of intersection. Point data are represented by two sets of coordinate pairs, each with the same coordinate values. All nodes are represented by a single coordinate pair which indicates the beginning or end of a line segment.

2.3 Completeness Report: {how complete is the cover - the whole province/RM/etc? Were parts left out? Size of items mapped?}

All regions and districts are mapped.

2.4 Positional Accuracy

Horizontal positional accuracy is tested by visual comparison of the data with hard copy maps and on-screen with existing data sets that cover the same area. How accurate are you in feet or meters? NOTE: horizontal will be more common than vertical - note NA if not needed.

2.4.1.1 HORIZONTAL POSITIONAL ACCURACY REPORT:

Horizontal positional accuracy for the digital data is tested by visual comparison of the source with hard copy plots.

2.4.2.1 VERTICAL POSITIONAL ACCURACY REPORT:

2.5 LINEAGE

2.5.1.1 Source Citation {Where did the original data come from? Surveys and Mapping? Historic maps?}

Possible selections Citation Information:
8.1 Originator:   Manitoba Conservation
8.2 Publication Date:   20020305
8.4 Title:   MB Conservation Regions and Districts

2.5.1.3 Type of Source Media: 1:1000000 paper map

2.5.1.4 Source Time Period of Content: {choose just one}

Possible selections Time Period Information
9.1 Single Date/Time
  9.1.1 Calendar Date:
  9.2  Multiple dates/Times
  9.2.1 Calendar Date: 20020305
  9.2.1 Calendar Date:
  9.3 Range of Dates/Times
  9.3.1 Beginning Date:
9.3.2 Ending Date:

2.5.1.4.1 Source Currentness Reference: source photography date

2.5.1.5 Source Citation Abbreviation:

2.5.1.6 Source Contribution:

2.5.2.1 PROCESS DESCRIPTION: {How was the data entered - digitized? scanned? General steps}

The geographic area served by each regional office was determined by staff and executive within Manitoba Conservation, considering several factors, such as; - traditional associations among communities - economic linkages, travel corridors, market routes - ties by specific communities to certain lands - travel distances, road networks, available means of access to remote areas - locations of rural District Offices, from which many department services are directly delivered -boundaries of Rural Municipalities -eco-region boundaries -location, type, amount and degree of exploitation of natural resources -location and type of clients licensed and permitted by the department -forest fire incidence -etc. Having established the general geographic area for each region based on the above factors, boundary lines were drawn by regional staff on a 1:1000000 map following identifiable physical features, such as roads, railways, rivers and lakeshores or following theoretical lines such as township lines or municipal boundary lines, or where necessary, drawing a point to point line between such features. Where roads form the boundary the arcs were snapped to the 1:1000000 roads layer and township lines were snapped to the 1:1000000 arcs. The provincial boundary used is the boundary on the MLI site.

2.5.2.3 Process Date: 2003

3 Spatial Data Organization Information

{what kind of data is it? Raster, point, vector map inches - depending on that answer, other information may be needed Choose 3.1 OR 3.2. Then , if you wish more detail, chose 3.3 or 3.4 and enter the related items}

3.1 Indirect Spatial reference

3.2 DIRECT SPATIAL REFERENCE METHOD: {raster, point, vector}  Vector

3.3 POINT AND VECTOR OBJECT INFORMATION

3.3.1 SDTS Terms Description

3.3.1.1 Point and Vector Object Type

3.3.2 VPF Terms Description

3.3.2.1 VPF Topology Level

3.3.2.2 VPF Point and Vector Type

3.4 RASTER OBJECT INFORMATION

3.4.1 Raster Object type

4 Spatial Reference Information

{is it Lat/Long, or some other type of coordinate system such as UTM? That answer controls which other questions you need to answer on map projections, grids, etc. It may even be in table inches (local system - 4.1.3). You need to choose 4.1.1 OR 4.1.2 OR 4.1.3}

4.1 HORIZONTAL COORDINATE SYSTEM DEFINITION:

4.1.1 Geographic

4.1.1.1 Latitude Resolution:

4.1.1.2 Longitude Resolution:

4.1.1.3 Geographic Coordinate Values:

4.1.2 Planar {Choose 4.1.2.1 OR 4.1.2.2}

4.1.2.1 Map Projection:

4.1.2.1.1 Map Projection Name:

4.1.2.2 Grid Coordinate System

4.1.2.2.1 Grid Coordinate System Name: Universal Transverse Mercator

4.1.2.2.2.1 UTM Zone Number: 14

4.1.2.4 Planar Coordinate Information

4.1.2.4.1 Planar Coordinate Encoding Method coordinate pair

4.1.2.4.2 Coordinate Representation { or choose 4.1.2.4.3}

4.1.2.4.2.1 Abscissa Resolution 0.61

4.1.2.4.2.1 Ordinate Resolution 0.61

4.1.2.4.3 Distance and Bearing Representation

4.1.2.4.4 Planar Distance Units meters

4.1.3 Local

4.1.4 Geodetic Model:

4.1.4.1 Horizontal Datum Name: North American Datum of 1983

4.1.4.2 Ellipsoid Name: Geodetic Reference System 80

5 Entity and Attribute Information

{What type of information is in any related database? An office may certainly chose to use section 5.1, which gives very detailed attribute information, much like database documentation. This includes values for the attributes such as the region name Section 5.2 will give a more general description of the items, or reference users to other documentation. You can use both 5.1 and 5.2 or just one of them.}

5.1 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

5.1.1 Entity Type:

5.1.1.1 Entity Type Label:  b154_mb.aat

5.1.1.2 Entity Type Definition: Arc attribute table

5.1.1.3 Entity Type Definition Source:  ESRI

5.2 OVERVIEW DESCRIPTION

5.2.1 Entity and Attribute Overview:

5.2.2 Entity and attribute detail citation:

6 Distribution Information

6.1 DISTRIBUTOR

Possible selections 10  Contact Information:
10.1 Contact Person Primary
{or may be 10.2 Contact Organization Primary, 10.2.1 contact organization and 10.2.2 contact position - your choice}
10.1.1 Contact Person: Lindsay Donnelly
10.1.2 Contact Organization: Manitoba Conservation
10.4 Contact Address
10.4.1 Address Type: mailing and physical address
10.4.2 Address: 200 Saulteaux Cres
10.4.3 City : Winnipeg
10.4.4 State or Province: Manitoba
10.4.5 Postal Code : R3J3W3
10.5 Contact Voice Telephone: 204.945.5526
10.8 CONTACT ELECTRONIC MAIL ADDRESS:

6.3 Distribution Liability: None

6.4 Standard Order Process {choose 6.4.1 or 6.4.2 - the clearinghouse software will not recognize both as a standard process}

6.4.1 Non-digital Form:

6.4.2 Digital Form:

6.4.2.1.1  Format name: e00

6.4.2.2 Digital Transfer Option:

6.4.2.2.1.1.1.1 Network Resource Name:

6.4.3 Fees None

7 Metadata Reference Information

{when and how was this data documented - as done? 10 years later? and who?}

7.1 Metadata Date:  20020305

7.4 Metadata Contact:

Possible selections 10  Contact Information:
10.1 Contact Person Primary
{or may be 10.2 Contact Organization Primary, 10.2.1 contact organization and 10.2.2 contact position - your choice}
10.1.1 Contact Person: Lindsay Donnelly
10.1.2 Contact Organization: Manitoba Conservation
10.4 Contact Address
10.4.1 Address Type: mailing and physical address
10.4.2 Address: 200 Saulteaux Cres
10.4.3 City : Winnipeg
10.4.4 State or Province: Manitoba
10.4.5 Postal Code : R3J3W3
10.5 Contact Voice Telephone: 204.945.5526
10.8 CONTACT ELECTRONIC MAIL ADDRESS:

7.5 Metadata Standard Name:

FGDC Content Standards for Digital Spatial Metadata

7.6 Metadata Standard Version: 19940608

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MLI Minimum acceptable Metadata Standard
All products must have Metadata containing FGDC Sections 1 & 7 as a minimum 
Guidance for minimal metadata documentation of spatial data files created by Manitoba Land Initiative data providers

Items in red bold and italics like this are necessary to comply with the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) standard.

Items in bold like this are necessary if you are filling out the section they are in. For example section 2.5, lineage, is not mandatory for the FGDC, but is recommended by Manitoba Conservation GIS Section. If you chose to complete that section you need to complete all the items in this type (or fill in N/A or unknown) to comply with the Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) standard and related software.

ITEMS IN CAPS AND BOLD ARE NOT REQUIRED, BUT ARE ITEMS MANITOBA CONSERVATION GIS STEERING COMMITTEE MEMBERS FEEL WOULD ADD A GREAT DEAL TO THE DOCUMENTATION. WE WOULD LIKE PEOPLE TO DOCUMENT THEM FOR FWS METADATA IF POSSIBLE.

There are a number of items in regular print, some with numbers in front of them. Generally these are headings, and are needed to run the data through a compiler to create files to serve on the Internet or be searchable by the FGDC search engine. If we can keep data consistent with the FGDC, sharing the information with other agencies, partners, etc will be much easier. Other items in regular print are sample data.

Any explanatory notes are in italics

General Notes on the Metadata Sections

  1. Identification Information (required)
  2. Most of this section is Mandatory  to comply with the FGDC standard. It is basic identification information about the data set you have created. The data set may be one or multiple files; generally you will document one file at a time.

    In some of the sections (for example 1.3 - Time Period) you will need to chose the option appropriate for your data and delete (if you are using the template) or ignore (if you are using a program) the others. This one is simple - you created the data on one day, several days, or a range of days. If it's one file, it's probably one day. Multiple files (like 1:20000 topographic data) could be many dates or a range. Please note - in this sample all the selections have been left for you to view. In a real metadata file, only the applicable ones should be used.

  3. Data Quality Information (desirable but, optional)

    This section (along with 3, 4, 5, and 6) is considered mandatory only if it applies to your data. The items in CAPS AND BOLD are those the service GIS coordinators feel are important. The items in this section in bold are those items that need to be filled in both to comply with the standard and to make the FGDC clearinghouse software work properly if the section in question is used.
  4. Basic notes on data quality are very useful. Most GIS staff have wrestled with data that did not document what the attribute codes stood for, or files that did not match at the edges. Any items you can complete here would be useful.

  5. Spatial Data Organization Information (desirable but, optional)
  6. This section (along with 2, 4, 5, and 6) is considered mandatory only if it applies to your data. The items in CAPS AND BOLD are those the service GIS coordinators feel are important. The items in this section in bold are those items that need to be filled in both to comply with the standard and to make the FGDC clearinghouse software work properly if the section in question is used.

    This section can be very simple or very detailed. At a minimum we would like to know if the data is point, vector, raster, or some non-referenced data set! If you wish to go beyond that point, the type of file directs which other fields you need.

  7. Spatial Reference Information (desirable but, optional)
  8. This section (along with 2, 3, 5, and 6) is considered mandatory only if it applies to your data. The items in CAPS AND BOLD are those the service GIS coordinators feel are important. The items in this section in bold are those items that need to be filled in both to comply with the standard and to make the FGDC clearinghouse software work properly if the section in question is used.

    Section 4 is guaranteed to give a majority of GIS users in Manitoba Conservation either heartburn or a headache the first time they read it. It goes into very technical detail, including many items geographers may understand but most biologists have never heard of. There are, however, some important basic items here that should be documented. This is another mandatory if applicable section, but certainly some of it SHOULD be applicable!

    Section 4 offers some choices depending on your data. You may have geographic data (lat/long - section 4.1), planar data (section 4.2 - includes UTM and state plane data), or local (table inches - some autocad type data). It will not be all of these at once. Your data entry is simplified, but the potential number of choices make the documentation look forbidding. In addition to the horizontal coordinates, some data needs the vertical coordinates. It may be river depth data, perhaps DEM or other topographic data - vertical coordinates are not listed here, but are in the base template if needed.

  9. Entity and Attribute Information (desirable but, optional)
  10. This section (along with 2, 3, 4, and 6) is considered mandatory only if it applies to your data. The items in CAPS AND BOLD are those the service GIS coordinators feel are important. The items in this section in bold are those items that need to be filled in both to comply with the standard and to make the FGDC clearinghouse software work properly if the section in question is used.

    For this section an office would probably use either 5.1 or 5.2, depending on the amount of detail needed to describe the data, or the amount of detail available. If an office chose to give an overview description (5.2 ) of a vegetation layer, for example, they could also cite a reference such as the GAP or TNC vegetation classification standard to give the user further details about the data. If they chose to use 5.1, they could include all the details in the metadata. If the reference is widely available, doing an overview and referencing other documents is probably easier.

  11. Distribution Information (desirable but, optional)
  12. This section (along with 2, 3, 4, and 5) is considered mandatory only if it applies to your data. The items in CAPS AND BOLD are those the service GIS coordinators feel are important. The items in this section in bold are those items that need to be filled in both to comply with the standard and to make the FGDC clearinghouse software work properly if the section in question is used.

    Basically, how can someone get the data from you? Is in "on-line"? Who do they contact? Your own circumstances will dictate what gets filled in here. If the distributor is the same as the contact person in Section 7, it could be left out here. Often, however, they will be different staff or offices. (Hint: if you want to enter the contact information here and sections 1 or 7, and the information is very similar, you can cut and paste in Windows. Just be sure to copy the headings and data for the section.)

  13. Metadata Reference Information (required)

    Who documented the data, when and using what type of documentation? This can be important if the data was documented 10 years after it was created versus as it was created. The quality of the metadata will vary. Bold and italicized sections here are mandatory for the FGDC.

    The following pages contain an outline of the basic data elements, with short "cheat sheet" type notes and sample data. These should be used only as guidelines.

For additional information regarding this document, contact mailto:ldonnelly@gov.mb.ca

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Datum Standard

 

Definition of Provincial Reference Systems in Manitoba

NAD83(CSRS98)  will become the standard for new work.

NAD83:

North American Datum 1983. The horizontal control datum for Canada, U.S.A., Denmark (Greenland), Mexico and Central America. Based on the geocentric reference ellipsoid Geodetic Reference System 1980 (GRS80).

 

NAD83(CSRS98):

North American Datum 1983 Canadian Spatial Reference System. A new realization of NAD83 derived from an adjustment of the Canadian Base Network and high order GPS tied to the Canadian Active Control System (CACS). Reference ellipsoid is GRS80. Depending on accuracy requirements these coordinates may not be compatible with previous NAD83 values (June'90, NMIP94).

 

NAD27:

North American Datum 1927. A non-geocentric horizontal control datum for the U.S., Canada and Mexico defined by a coordinate and azimuth with origin at Meades Ranch, on the Clarke 1866 reference ellipsoid.

CGVD28:

Canadian Geodetic Vertical Datum 1928, mean sea level (adopted public vertical reference system.). The average height of the surface of the sea for all stages of the tide, determined by averaging height readings observed hourly over a minimum period of 19 years.

Related Terms 

Datum:

A point, line, surface or set of quantities used as a reference upon which measurements are based.

 

Ellipsoid:

A smooth mathematical surface which resembles a compressed sphere and is used to represent the earth's surface.

 

Geocentric:

Relating to, measured from, or with respect to the centre of mass of the earth.

 

 

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